Back pain

Background

Your spine is a column of bones (vertebrae) held together by muscles, tendons and ligaments and cushioned by shock-absorbing disks.

Thoracic pain

Background

Thoracic disc herniation (TDH) is an uncommon and underreported entity that is often challenging to diagnose because of a relative paucity of examination findings and because of its nonspecific presentation.

Neck pain

Background

Neck pain is common in the general population and even more common in a chronic pain management practice.